What types of margins are there in programmatic?

Buy-side margin: this is the margin taken by demand-side platforms (DSPs) or agencies. It represents the difference between what the advertiser bids and the amount paid to the supply side (publishers). Sell-side margin: the difference between what the advertiser pays and what the publisher receives. AdTech Fee: some platforms charge a fee for using their ad tech services. Markup: in some cases, intermediaries might add a markup to the cost of media before selling it to the advertiser.